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href="/go/learn-go/29 Go语言文件操作.html" class="sidebar-link">Go语言文件操作</a></li><li><a href="/go/learn-go/30 Go语言单元测试.html" class="sidebar-link">Go语言单元测试</a></li><li><a href="/go/learn-go/31 Go语言之http.html" class="sidebar-link">Go语言之http</a></li></ul></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>Go Web框架</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>Go工具中间件</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li></ul> </aside> <main class="page"> <div class="theme-default-content content__default"><h1 id="fmt-printf总结"><a href="#fmt-printf总结" class="header-anchor">#</a> fmt.Printf总结</h1> <p><a data-fancybox="" title="helloworld" href="/img/goImage/helloworld.png"><img src="/img/goImage/helloworld.png" alt="helloworld"></a></p> <div class="custom-block tip"><p class="custom-block-title">概述</p> <p>printf系列函数都支持format格式化参数，在这里我们按照占位符将被替换的变量类型划分，方便查询和记忆。</p></div> <h2 id="_1-常用格式功能说明"><a href="#_1-常用格式功能说明" class="header-anchor">#</a> 1 常用格式功能说明</h2> <table><thead><tr><th style="text-align:center;">动  词</th> <th>功  能</th></tr></thead> <tbody><tr><td style="text-align:center;">%v</td> <td>按值的本来值输出</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center;">%+v</td> <td>在 %v 基础上，对结构体字段名和值进行展开</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center;">%#v</td> <td>输出 Go 语言语法格式的值</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center;">%T</td> <td>输出 Go 语言语法格式的类型和值</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center;">%%</td> <td>输出 % 本体</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center;">%b</td> <td>整型以二进制方式显示</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center;">%o</td> <td>整型以八进制方式显示</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center;">%d</td> <td>整型以十进制方式显示</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center;">%x</td> <td>整型以十六进制方式显示</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center;">%X</td> <td>整型以十六进制、字母大写方式显示</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center;">%U</td> <td>Unicode 字符</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center;">%f</td> <td>浮点数</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center;">%p</td> <td>指针，十六进制方式显示</td></tr></tbody></table> <h2 id="_2-具体printf方法的格式说明"><a href="#_2-具体printf方法的格式说明" class="header-anchor">#</a> 2 具体printf方法的格式说明</h2> <h3 id="_2-1-通用占位符"><a href="#_2-1-通用占位符" class="header-anchor">#</a> 2.1 通用占位符</h3> <div class="language-go line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-go"><code>str<span class="token operator">:=</span><span class="token string">&quot;Hello world&quot;</span>
<span class="token comment">//相应值的默认格式</span>
fmt<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">Printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;%v&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>str <span class="token punctuation">)</span>
fmt<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">Println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>

<span class="token comment">//类似%v，但输出结构体时会添加字段名式</span>
fmt<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">Printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;%+v&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>str <span class="token punctuation">)</span>
fmt<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">Println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>

<span class="token comment">//相应值的Go语法表示</span>
fmt<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">Printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;%#v&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>str <span class="token punctuation">)</span>
fmt<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">Println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>

<span class="token comment">//相应值的类型的Go语法表示	</span>
fmt<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">Printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;%T&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>str <span class="token punctuation">)</span>
fmt<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">Println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment">//字面上的百分号，并非值的占位符</span>
fmt<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">Printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;%%&quot;</span> <span class="token punctuation">)</span>

</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br></div></div><table><thead><tr><th style="text-align:center;">占位符</th> <th>说明</th> <th>示例</th> <th>输出</th></tr></thead> <tbody><tr><td style="text-align:center;">%v</td> <td>相应值的默认格式</td> <td>Printf(&quot;%v&quot;,str )</td> <td>Hello world</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center;">%+v</td> <td>类似%v，但输出结构体时会添加字段名式</td> <td>Printf(&quot;%+v&quot;,str )</td> <td>Hello world</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center;">%#v</td> <td>相应值的Go语法表示</td> <td>Printf(&quot;%#v&quot;,str ) )</td> <td>&quot;Hello world&quot;</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center;">%T</td> <td>相应值的类型的Go语法表示</td> <td>Printf(&quot;%T&quot;,str ))</td> <td>string</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center;">%%</td> <td>字面上的百分号，并非值的占位符</td> <td>Printf(&quot;%%&quot; )</td> <td>%</td></tr></tbody></table> <h3 id="_2-2-布尔值"><a href="#_2-2-布尔值" class="header-anchor">#</a> 2.2 布尔值</h3> <table><thead><tr><th style="text-align:center;">占位符</th> <th>说明</th> <th>示例</th> <th>输出</th></tr></thead> <tbody><tr><td style="text-align:center;">%t</td> <td>单词true或false</td> <td>Printf(&quot;%t&quot;,true)</td> <td>true</td></tr></tbody></table> <h3 id="_2-3-整数"><a href="#_2-3-整数" class="header-anchor">#</a> 2.3 整数</h3> <table><thead><tr><th style="text-align:center;">占位符</th> <th>说明</th> <th>示例</th> <th>输出</th></tr></thead> <tbody><tr><td style="text-align:center;">%b</td> <td>二进制表示</td> <td>Printf(&quot;%b&quot;,5)</td> <td>101</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center;">%c</td> <td>该值对应的unicode码值</td> <td>Printf(&quot;%c&quot;,0x4E2d)</td> <td>中</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center;">%d</td> <td>十进制表示</td> <td>Printf(&quot;%d&quot;,0x12)</td> <td>18</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center;">%o</td> <td>八进制表示</td> <td>Printf(&quot;%o&quot;,10)</td> <td>12</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center;">%q</td> <td>单引号围绕的字符字面值，由Go语法安全转译</td> <td>Printf(&quot;%q&quot;,0x4E2d)</td> <td>'中'</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center;">%x</td> <td>十六进制表示，字母形式为小写a-f</td> <td>Printf(&quot;%x&quot;,13)</td> <td>d</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center;">%X</td> <td>十六进制表示，字母形式为大写A-F</td> <td>Printf(&quot;%X&quot;,13)</td> <td>D</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center;">%U</td> <td>Unicode格式:U+1234,等价于&quot;U+%04X&quot;</td> <td>Printf(&quot;%U&quot;,0x4E2d)</td> <td>U+4E2D</td></tr></tbody></table> <h3 id="_2-4-浮点数与复数"><a href="#_2-4-浮点数与复数" class="header-anchor">#</a> 2.4 浮点数与复数</h3> <table><thead><tr><th style="text-align:center;">占位符</th> <th style="text-align:left;">说明</th> <th style="text-align:left;">示例</th> <th style="text-align:left;">输出</th></tr></thead> <tbody><tr><td style="text-align:center;">%b</td> <td style="text-align:left;">无小数部分、指数为二的幂的科学计数法，与strconv.FormatFloat的'b'转换格式一致。</td> <td style="text-align:left;">Printf(&quot;%b&quot;,10.20)</td> <td style="text-align:left;">5742089524897382p-49</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center;">%e</td> <td style="text-align:left;">科学计数法，如-1234.456e+78</td> <td style="text-align:left;">Printf(&quot;%e&quot;,10.20)</td> <td style="text-align:left;">1.020000e+01</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center;">%E</td> <td style="text-align:left;">科学计数法，如-1234.456E+78</td> <td style="text-align:left;">Printf(&quot;%E&quot;,10.20)</td> <td style="text-align:left;">1.020000E+01</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center;">%f</td> <td style="text-align:left;">有小数部分但无指数部分，如123.456</td> <td style="text-align:left;">Printf(&quot;%f&quot;,10.20)</td> <td style="text-align:left;">10.200000</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center;">%g</td> <td style="text-align:left;">根据实际情况采用%e或%f格式（以获得更简洁、准确的输出）</td> <td style="text-align:left;">Printf(&quot;%g&quot;,10.20)</td> <td style="text-align:left;">10.2</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center;">%G</td> <td style="text-align:left;">根据实际情况采用%E或%F格式（以获得更简洁、准确的输出）</td> <td style="text-align:left;">Printf(&quot;%G&quot;,10.20)</td> <td style="text-align:left;">(10.2+2i)</td></tr></tbody></table> <h3 id="_2-5-字符串与字节切片"><a href="#_2-5-字符串与字节切片" class="header-anchor">#</a> 2.5  字符串与字节切片</h3> <table><thead><tr><th style="text-align:left;">占位符</th> <th style="text-align:left;">说明</th> <th style="text-align:left;">示例</th> <th style="text-align:left;">输出</th></tr></thead> <tbody><tr><td style="text-align:left;">%s</td> <td style="text-align:left;">输出字符串表示(string类型或[]byte)</td> <td style="text-align:left;">Printf(&quot;%s&quot;,[]byte(&quot;Go语言&quot;))</td> <td style="text-align:left;">Go语言</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:left;">%q</td> <td style="text-align:left;">双引号围绕的字符串，由Go语法安全的转译</td> <td style="text-align:left;">Printf(&quot;%q&quot;,&quot;Go语言&quot;)</td> <td style="text-align:left;">&quot;Go语言&quot;</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:left;">%x</td> <td style="text-align:left;">十六进制，小写字母，每字节两个字符</td> <td style="text-align:left;">Printf(&quot;%x&quot;,&quot;golang&quot;)</td> <td style="text-align:left;">676f6c616e67</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:left;">%X</td> <td style="text-align:left;">十六进制，大写字母，每字节两个字符</td> <td style="text-align:left;">Printf(&quot;%X&quot;,&quot;golang&quot;)</td> <td style="text-align:left;">676F6C616E67</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:left;">%10s</td> <td style="text-align:left;">输出字符串最小宽度为10(右对齐)</td> <td style="text-align:left;">Printf(&quot;%10s&quot;, &quot;oldboy&quot;)</td> <td style="text-align:left;"></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:left;">%-10s</td> <td style="text-align:left;">输出字符串最小宽度为10(左对齐)</td> <td style="text-align:left;">Printf(&quot;%-10s&quot;, &quot;oldboy&quot;)</td> <td style="text-align:left;"></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:left;">%.5s</td> <td style="text-align:left;">输出字符串最大宽度为5</td> <td style="text-align:left;">Printf(&quot;%.5s&quot;, &quot;oldboy&quot;)</td> <td style="text-align:left;"></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:left;">%5.10s</td> <td style="text-align:left;">输出字符串最小宽度为5，最大宽度为10</td> <td style="text-align:left;">Printf(&quot;%5.10s&quot;, &quot;oldboy&quot;)</td> <td style="text-align:left;"></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:left;">%-5.10s</td> <td style="text-align:left;">输出字符串最小宽度为5，最大宽度为10(左对齐)</td> <td style="text-align:left;">Printf(&quot;%-5.10s&quot;, &quot;oldboy&quot;)</td> <td style="text-align:left;"></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:left;">%5.3s</td> <td style="text-align:left;">输出字符串宽度为5,如果原字符串宽度大于3,则截断</td> <td style="text-align:left;">Printf(&quot;%5.3s&quot;, &quot;oldboy&quot;)</td> <td style="text-align:left;"></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:left;">%010s</td> <td style="text-align:left;">如果宽度小于10，就会在字符串前面补零</td> <td style="text-align:left;">Printf(&quot;%010s&quot;, &quot;oldboy&quot;)</td> <td style="text-align:left;"></td></tr></tbody></table> <h3 id="_2-6-指针"><a href="#_2-6-指针" class="header-anchor">#</a> 2.6 指针</h3> <table><thead><tr><th style="text-align:center;">占位符</th> <th style="text-align:left;">说明</th> <th style="text-align:left;">示例</th> <th style="text-align:left;">输出</th></tr></thead> <tbody><tr><td style="text-align:center;">%p</td> <td style="text-align:left;">十六进制表示，前缀 0x</td> <td style="text-align:left;">Printf(&quot;%p&quot;, &amp;str)</td> <td style="text-align:left;">%0xc0000321f0</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center;">%#p</td> <td style="text-align:left;">不带前缀 0x</td> <td style="text-align:left;">Printf(&quot;%#p&quot;, &amp;str)</td> <td style="text-align:left;">c0000321f0</td></tr></tbody></table></div> <footer class="page-edit"><!----> <!----></footer> <div class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev">
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